Update README
* Document commands, string syntax, shell expansion. * Style cleanup
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Maxime Coste
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README.asciidoc
142
README.asciidoc
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@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ command itself.
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for example, _3W_ selects 3 consecutive words and _3w_ select the third word on
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the right of selection end.
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* _space_: when used with count, keep only the counth selection
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* _alt-space_: when used with count, remove the counth selection
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* _space_: when used with count, keep only the counth selection
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* _alt-space_: when used with count, remove the counth selection
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Changes
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-------
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@ -116,12 +116,12 @@ Object Selection
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Using alt-i and alt-a, you can select some text object, the starting
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point is always the last character of the selection.
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* _b_, _(_ or _)_: select the enclosing parenthesis
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* _B_, _{_ or _}_: select the enclosing {} block
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* _[_ or _]_: select the enclosing [] block
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* _<_ or _>_: select the enclosing <> block
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* w: select the whole word
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* W: select the whole WORD
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* _b_, _(_ or _)_: select the enclosing parenthesis
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* _B_, _{_ or _}_: select the enclosing {} block
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* _[_ or _]_: select the enclosing [] block
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* _<_ or _>_: select the enclosing <> block
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* w: select the whole word
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* W: select the whole WORD
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When it makes sense, _alt-i_ selects the inner object and alt-a the whole
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object. For example _alt-i_ ( will only select the inside of the parenthesis,
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@ -145,6 +145,48 @@ selection.
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Registers are lists, instead of simply text in order to interact well with
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multiselection. Each selection have it's own captures, or yank buffer.
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Basic Commands
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--------------
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Commands are entered using *:*.
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* e[dit] <filename> [<line> [<column>]]: open buffer on file, go to given
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line and column. If file is already opened, just switch to this file.
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use edit! to force reloading.
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* w[rite] [<filename>]: write buffer to <filename> or use it's name if
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filename is not given.
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* q[uit]: exit Kakoune, use quit! to force quitting even if there is some
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unsaved buffers remaining.
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* wq: write current buffer and quit
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* b[uffer] <name>: switch to buffer <name>
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* d[el]b[uf] [<name>]: delete the buffer <name>
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* source <filename>: execute commands in <filename>
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* runtime <filename>: execute commands in <filename>, <filename>
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is relative to kak executable path.
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* exec <keys>: execute <keys> as if pressed in normal mode.
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* echo <text>: show <text> in status line
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* set[bwg] <option> <value>: set <option> to <value> in *b*uffer, *w*indow
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or *g*lobal scope.
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String syntax
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-------------
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When entering a command, parameters are separated by whitespace (shell like),
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if you want to give parameters with spaces, you should quote them.
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Kakoune support three string syntax:
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* "strings" and 'strings': classic strings, use \' or \" to escape the
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separator.
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* %{strings}: these strings are very usefull when entering commands, first the '{' and '}'
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delimiter is configurable: you can use any non alphanumeric character.
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like %[string], %<string>, %(string), %~string~ or %!string!...
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if the character following the % is one of {[(<, then the closing one is
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the matching }])>, and these delimiters in the string need not to be
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escaped if the contained delimiters are balanced.
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for example %{ roger {}; } is a valid string.
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Highlighters
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------------
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@ -154,16 +196,22 @@ and :rmhl <highlighter_id>
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existing highlighters are:
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* *highlight_selections*: used to make current selection visible
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* *expand_tabs*: expand tabs to next 8 multiple column (to make configurable)
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* *number_lines*: show line numbers
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* *regex*: highlight a regex, takes 3 parameters <regex> <fg_color> <bg_color>
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* *group*: highlighter group, containing other highlighters. takes one
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* *highlight_selections*: used to make current selection visible
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* *expand_tabs*: expand tabs to next 8 multiple column (to make configurable)
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* *number_lines*: show line numbers
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* *group*: highlighter group, containing other highlighters. takes one
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parameter, <group_name>. useful when multiple highlighters work
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together and need to be removed as one. Adding and removing from
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a group can be done using
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:addhl -group <group> <highlighter_name> <highlighter_parameters...>
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:rmhl -group <group> <highlighter_name>
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* *regex*: highlight a regex, takes the regex as first parameter, followed by
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any number of color spec parameters.
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color spec format is: <capture_id>:<fg_color>[,<bg_color>]
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For example:
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:addhl regex //(\h+TODO:)?[^\n]+ 0:cyan 1:yellow,red
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will highlight C++ style comments in cyan, with an eventual
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'TODO:' in yellow on red background.
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Filters
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-------
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@ -174,10 +222,11 @@ added or removed with :addfilter <filter_name> <filter_parameters...> and
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exisiting filters are:
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* *preserve_indent*: insert previous line indent when inserting a newline
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* *cleanup_whitespaces*: remove trailing whitespaces on the previous line
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* *preserve_indent*: insert previous line indent when inserting a newline
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* *cleanup_whitespaces*: remove trailing whitespaces on the previous line
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when inserting an end-of-line.
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* *expand_tabulations*: insert spaces instead of tab characters
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* *expand_tabulations*: insert spaces instead of tab characters
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* *group*: same as highlighters group
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Hooks
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-----
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@ -185,22 +234,69 @@ Hooks
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commands can be registred to be executed when certain events arise.
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to register a hook, use the hook command.
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:hook <scope> <hook_name> <filtering_regex> <command> <command_args>...
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:hook <scope> <hook_name> <filtering_regex> <commands>
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<scope> can be either global, buffer or window, the scope are hierarchical,
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meaning that a Window calling a hook will execute it's own, the buffer ones
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and the global ones.
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<command> is a string containing the commands to execute when the hook is
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called.
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for example, to automatically use line numbering with .cc files,
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use the following command:
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:hook global WinCreate .*\.cc addhl number_lines
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:hook global WinCreate .*\.cc %{ addhl number_lines }
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Shell expension
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Shell expansion
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---------------
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Commands support the shell backtick syntax, and kakoune internal state
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can be accessed through environment variable. For example, if you are
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editing the editor.cc file, typing ':edit `echo ${kak_bufname/%.cc/.hh}`'
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will edit the editor.hh file.
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A special string syntax is supported which replace it's content with the
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output of the shell commands in it, it is similar to the shell $(...)
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syntax and is evaluated only when needed.
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for example: %sh{ ls } is replaced with the output of the ls command.
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Some of kakoune state is available through environment variables:
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* *kak_selection*: content of the last selection
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* *kak_bufname*: name of the current buffer
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* *kak_opt_name*: value of option name
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* *kak_reg_x*: value of register x
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for example you can print informations on the current file in the status
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line using:
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:echo %sh{ ls -l $kak_bufname }
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Defining Commands
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-----------------
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new commands can be defined using the *def* command.
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:def <command_name> <commands>
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<commands> is a string containing the commands to execute
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def can also takes some flags:
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* *-env-params*: pass parameters given to commands in the environement as
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kak_paramN with N the parameter number
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* *-shell-completion*: following string is a shell command which takes
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parameters through the environemnt and output one
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completion candidate per line.
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* *-allow-override*: allow the new command to replace an exisiting one
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with the same name.
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Using shell expansion permits to define complex commands or to access
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kakoune state:
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:def print_selection %{ echo %sh{ ${kak_selection} } }
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Some helper commands can be used to define composite commands:
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* menu <label1> <commands1> <label2> <commands2>...: display a menu using
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labels, the selected label's commands are executed.
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* try <commands> catch <on_error_commands>: prevent an error in <commands>
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from aborting the whole commands execution, execute <on_error_commands>
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instead.
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Note that these commands are available in interactive command mode, but are
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not that useful in this context.
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